Mathematical Italic Capital E 𝐸
Visual Description: This is the mathematical italic capital E, shown with a rightward tilt and rounded, slender strokes. It looks lighter than a bold text E and sits on the line with a graceful slant. The curves bend smoothly, making it clear in formulas and graphs. It stands out in calculators.
Meaning & Usage: In math, the italic E is used as a variable or a symbol for energy in physics and for expected values in statistics. It marks quantities that can change or be solved for. It differentiates constants from variables, helping readers focus on relationships, operations, and comparisons.
Historical Background: Notation evolved as books and printers needed clear ways to separate text from symbols. Early mathematicians adopted italics to flag variables and to prevent confusion with constants. Over time, italic E came to signify a quantity that can vary, while upright letters signaled steady values or operators. The idea grew with education and software.
Practical Use: In formulas, calculators, and quick UI controls, you may see the italic E used as a variable for energy, error, or expectation. Designers place it where users expect a symbolic quantity. Type it in equations, compare two expressions, or toggle a variable in a graphing tool to test effects.
See our category page for related symbols.
Look‑alikes: E (U+45).
Need styled alternatives? Try the Fancy Text tool.
Confusables
Technical details
- Codepoint:
U+1D438 - General Category:
Lu - Age:
3.1 - Bidi Class:
L - Decomposition:
<font> 0045 - Block:
Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols - Script:
Common - UTF-8:
F0 9D 90 B8 - UTF-16:
D835 DC38 - UTF-32:
0001D438 - HTML dec:
𝐸 - HTML hex:
𝐸 - JS escape:
\u{1D438} - Python \N{}:
\N{MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL E} - Python \U:
\U0001D438 - URL-encoded:
%F0%9D%90%B8 - CSS escape:
\1D438
How to type / insert
Fast copy: click the Copy button near the top of this page.
By codepoint: in many editors and IDEs, you can insert via the Unicode code U+1D438 or a built‑in character picker.
HTML: use the numeric entity 퐸 (hex) or 퐸 (decimal) when an HTML entity is needed.
Compatibility & troubleshooting
Font support: if the symbol does not render, the current font likely lacks this codepoint. Choose a font with broad Unicode coverage or allow a fallback font.
Web pages: ensure your CSS font stack includes a general fallback; avoid relying on images for common symbols to preserve accessibility and copyability.